Marangoni convection of nanofluid in a wavy trapezoidal enclosure

The purpose of this study is to investigate the behaviour natural convection in a wavy trapezoidal enclosure that filled with nanofluid. left wall has wavelength, l, and amplitude, A. top bottom walls are adiabatic while side set constant temperature, shear stress occurs at enclosure. numerical approach used order discretize governing equations its boundary conditions finite element method where Galerkin technique adopted. solutions obtained for various values Marangoni number, Rayleigh solid particle volume fraction. graphs streamlines, isotherms, local Nusselt, average Nusselt numbers then presented discussed.